Complications of Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids are the abnormal non-cancerous growths formed on the surface of the uterus in a woman’s reproductive age. The size of these fibroids ranges from a small pea to a large watermelon. The rate of their growth varies individually and can be seen either in singles or in multiples. Statistical studies indicate the presence of these fibroids in more than 80-90% of women however, their symptoms are rarely addressed. 


Different types of fibroids categorized based on their location are:

Intramural fibroids: This type of fibroid develops from the muscular layer of the uterus. They are one of the most commonly observed fibroid types. 

Subserosal fibroids: Subserosal fibroids are developed outside the uterus. These fibroids can grow huge and a small stalk of it can extend to get attached to the uterus. Such extensions are called pedunculated fibroids.

Submucosal fibroids: These are one of the less commonly seen fibroid types. These are formed in the muscle band called the myometrium. 


The causes of uterine fibroids are attributed to genetic factors and hormones. Other factors contributing to risks of fibroids include 

  • Middle-aged women especially those nearing menopause (30-40 age group)

  • Women of African-American ethnic origin

  • Women with early onset of menopause

  • Women having Vitamin D deficiency, obesity, poor nutrition, alcohol, and smoking habits. 


Uterine fibroids are identified with one or more of the below symptoms. 


Studies indicate that submucosal fibroids are responsible factors for infertility and loss of pregnancy. Some of the complications of fibroids that can affect a healthy pregnancy include placental abruption, restricted fetal growth, and delivery before term.


These risks and complications of fibroids need accurate diagnosis which includes a pelvic exam, Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), hysterosonography, hysterosalpingography, and hysteroscopy. 

Treatment of fibroids can be done through gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, insertion of a progestin-releasing intrauterine device (IUD), anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve pain and reduce the other fibroid symptoms.

Surgery for fibroids can also be considered such as 

  • Uterine artery embolization where tiny particles or embolic agents are sent through the bloodstream to cut off the blood supply and eventually destroy the fibroids.

  • Myomectomy is performed to remove the large fibroids and can be done through a laparoscopic, hysteroscopic, or open surgical procedure.

  • Endometrial ablation requires heat, hot water, electric current, or microwaves to ablate the uterine lining and consequently reduce or stop the menstrual flow.

  • Hysterectomy is performed as a last resort to treat uterine fibroids. The procedure involves the removal of the uterus to permanently remove fibroids.  


Uterine fibroids are generally non-cancerous but their complications can cause fertility issues and affect a healthy pregnancy. To identify the exact reason for its occurrence and to get the right treatment solution for fibroids, connect with the experts at our fertility centres. Our specialists at IVF Junction are committed to providing comprehensive treatment for your concern. 

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